New discoveries about Jupiter's magnetosphere

New discoveries about Jupiter could lead to a better understanding of Earth's own space environment and influence a long-running scientific debate about the solar system's largest planet.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240506131508.htm

New study reveals age-related brain changes influence recovery after stroke

A new study has revealed that areas of age-related damage in the brain relate to motor outcomes after a stroke -- a phenomenon that may be under-recognized in stroke research. The new observational study looked at the relationship between stroke recovery and white matter hyper-intensities (WMHs) -- areas of age-related damage in the brain's white matter, which represent vascular dysfunction and are known to impact cognitive functions.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240506131505.htm

Sister cities can help communities better navigate the climate crisis

Anthropologists suggest in a new study that establishing networks of 'sister cities' dedicated to addressing the impact of natural disasters can mitigate the devastation wrought by climate change.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240503172634.htm

Genomes of 'star algae' shed light on origin of plants

Land plants cover the surface of our planet and often tower over us. They form complex bodies with multiple organs that consist of a broad range of cell types. Developing this morphological complexity is underpinned by intricate networks of genes, whose coordinated action shapes plant bodies through various molecular mechanisms. All of these magnificent forms burst forth from a one-off evolutionary event: when plants conquered Earth's surface, known as plant terrestrialization.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240503135341.htm

Birdwatching can help students improve mental health, reduce distress

A new study finds people who have nature-based experiences report better well-being and lower psychological distress than those who do not. Birdwatching in particular yielded promising results, with higher gains in subjective well-being and more reduction in distress than more generic nature exposure, such as walks. Because birdwatching is an easily accessible activity, the results are encouraging for college students -- who are among those most likely to suffer from mental health problems.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240503135334.htm

Ice shelves fracture under weight of meltwater lakes

Heavy pooling meltwater can fracture ice, potentially leading to ice shelf collapse.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240503135322.htm

Source of pregnancy complications from infections revealed by placenta map

The placenta's response to infections from malaria, toxoplasmosis and listeria has been mapped in high resolution, possibly paving the way for new treatment options.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240503111946.htm

Stretchable e-skin could give robots human-level touch sensitivity

A stretchy electronic skin could equip robots and other devices with the same softness and touch sensitivity as human skin, opening up new possibilities to perform tasks that require a great deal of precision and control of force.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240503111943.htm

Climate change amplifies severity of combined wind-rain extremes over the UK and Ireland

Climate change will cause an increase in extreme winter storms combining strong winds and heavy rainfall over the UK and Ireland, new research has shown.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240503111921.htm

New Nevada experiments will improve monitoring of nuclear explosions

On an October morning in 2023, a chemical explosion detonated in a tunnel under the Nevada desert was the launch of the next set of experiments by the National Nuclear Security Administration, with the goal to improve detection of low-yield nuclear explosions around the world.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240502184353.htm

New eco-friendly lubricant additives protect turbine equipment, waterways

Scientists have developed lubricant additives that protect both water turbine equipment and the surrounding environment.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240502174811.htm

Physicists arrange atoms in extremely close proximity

Physicists developed a technique to arrange atoms in much closer proximity than previously possible, down to 50 nanometers. The group plans to use the method to manipulate atoms into configurations that could generate the first purely magnetic quantum gate -- a key building block for a new type of quantum computer.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240502141247.htm

Low intensity light to fight the effects of chronic stress

Some neurological disorders can be improved through photobiomodulation, a non-invasive technique based on the application of low-intensity light to stimulate altered functions in specific regions of the body. Now, a study reveals how photobiomodulation applied to the brain-gut axis is effective in recovering some cognitive alterations and sequelae caused by chronic stress. The study opens up new perspectives for applying the technique in future therapies for the treatment of neurological diseases in patients.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240502141226.htm

Gene signatures from tissue-resident T cells as a predictive tool for melanoma patients

A new study has revealed an association between favorable survival outcomes for melanoma patients and the presence of higher populations of tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM). Data obtained from this study could be used not only for a TRM-based machine learning model with predictive powers for melanoma prognosis but could also elucidate the role TRM cells can play in the tumor immune microenvironment. This could guide the development of more effective and personalized anti-tumor immunotherapeutic treatment regimens for cancer patients.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240502113731.htm

Scientists identify new treatment target for leading cause of blindness

Scientists report that a gene previously implicated in the development of atherosclerotic lesions in coronary arteries could be key to understanding why many people don't benefit from the most used therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240502113702.htm

Medical school scientist creates therapy to kill hypervirulent bacteria

Researchers are on a mission to kill drug-resistant bacteria, and a new study has identified a therapy that can penetrate the slime that such infections use to protect themselves from antibiotics.Researchers have shown that an antimicrobial peptide from cows has potential for treating incurable infections from the bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae. The bacteria, commonly found in the intestines, is usually harmless. It becomes a health hazard when it enters other parts of the body and can cause pneumonia, urinary tract and wound infections. Those at highest risk include seniors and patients with other health problems such as diabetes, cancer, kidney failure and liver disease.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240502113626.htm

Therapy to kill hypervirulent bacteria developed

A study has identified a therapy that can penetrate the slime that such infections use to protect themselves from antibiotics. Scientists showed that an antimicrobial peptide from cows has potential for treating incurable infections from the bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae. The bacteria, commonly found in the intestines, is usually harmless. It becomes a health hazard when it enters other parts of the body and can cause pneumonia, urinary tract and wound infections. Those at highest risk include seniors and patients with other health problems such as diabetes, cancer, kidney failure and liver disease.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240501193701.htm

Science has an AI problem: This group says they can fix it

A team of 19 prominent researchers has published guidelines for the responsible use of machine learning in science. They say it could avert a crisis that's smoldering in every field.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240501153055.htm

Physicists build new device that is foundation for quantum computing

Scientists have adapted a device called a microwave circulator for use in quantum computers, allowing them for the first time to precisely tune the exact degree of nonreciprocity between a qubit, the fundamental unit of quantum computing, and a microwave-resonant cavity. The ability to precisely tune the degree of nonreciprocity is an important tool to have in quantum information processing. In doing so, the team derived a general and widely applicable theory that simplifies and expands upon older understandings of nonreciprocity so that future work on similar topics can take advantage of the team's model, even when using different components and platforms.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240501153031.htm

Roadmap to close the carbon cycle

Reaching net-zero carbon emissions goals requires finding transformative paths to manage carbon in difficult-to-electrify economic sectors.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240501125825.htm