Today in 1952, 71 years ago: the universal vote is decreed in Bolivia for all Bolivians over 21 years of age (or 18 years if they were married) without distinction of sex, education, occupation or income.
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Today in 1970, 53 years ago: the talks for the entry of the United Kingdom into the EEC begin.
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Today in 1861, 162 years ago: The first major ground combat of the American Civil War begins, near the town of Manassas.
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Today in 1969, 54 years ago: at 2.56 (UTC international time) Neil Armstrong, commander of the Apollo 11 mission, steps on the lunar surface; and shortly after does Buzz Aldrin. These are man's first steps on the moon.
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Today in 1971, 52 years ago: the album Master of Reality is published, by the band Black Sabbath.
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Today in 1568, 455 years ago: the Spanish army, commanded by Fernando Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, defeats in the Battle of Jemmingen the rebel army of the Netherlands commanded by Luis de Nassau.
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Today in 2005, 18 years ago: Failed attacks in London, two weeks after the 7-J attacks.
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Today in 1715, 308 years ago: Seventh Ottoman–Venetian War: The Ottoman Empire captures Nauplia, the capital of the Republic of Venice's "Kingdom of the Morea", thereby opening the way to the swift Ottoman reconquest of the Morea.
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Today in 1961, 62 years ago: the newly created Republic of Tunisia imposes a blockade on the French naval base of Bizerte, to recover its sovereignty. However, four days later the French captured the entire city of Bizerte.
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Today in 1900, 123 years ago: in France, the first line of the Paris metro is inaugurated.
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Today in 1817, 206 years ago: Unsuccessful in his attempt to conquer the Kingdom of Hawaii for the Russian-American Company, Georg Anton Schäffer is forced to admit defeat and leave Kauai.
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Today in 1863, 160 years ago: in the state of Ohio (United States), within the framework of the Civil War, Confederate General John Hunt Morgan's northward campaign is hindered on Buffington Island when most of his men are captured while trying to escape across the Ohio River.
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Today in 1940, 83 years ago: in the Aegean Sea, at the Battle of Cape Sword -in the framework of World War II - the Australian cruiser Sydney sinks the Italian light cruiser Bartolomei Colleoni, leaving 121 dead.
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Today in 2012, 11 years ago: Syrian civil war: The People's Protection Units (YPG) capture the city of Kobanî without resistance, starting the Rojava conflict in Northeast Syria.
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Today in 1919, 104 years ago: in the village of La Cruz (in northwestern Costa Rica), guerrillas fight against the “Tinoquistas” (followers of dictator Pelico Tinoco). They set fire to the Salvadoran master Marcelino García Flamenco (30). Tinoco will be overthrown a month later, on August 20.
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Today in 1864, 159 years ago: Taiping Rebellion: Third Battle of Nanking: The Qing dynasty finally defeats the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
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Today in 1843, 180 years ago: Brunel's steamship the SS Great Britain is launched, becoming the first ocean-going craft with an iron hull and screw propeller, becoming the largest vessel afloat in the world.
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Today in 1978, 45 years ago: in Spain the law that decriminalizes adultery comes into force.
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Today in 1978, 45 years ago: in Germany, the Volkswagen company builds the last beetle produced in that country, with which the number of vehicles of that model produced in Germany amounted to 15.8 million.
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Today in 1952, 71 years ago: Opening of the Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland.
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