*1897 – After months of pursuit, generals of Menelik II of Ethiopia capture Gaki Sherocho, the last king of Kaffa, bringing an end to that ancient kingdom.
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Today in 1922, 101 years ago: The Treaty of Kars is ratified in Yerevan, Armenia.
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Today in 1891, 132 years ago: a flood ravages Consuegra (province of Toledo), killing 360 people.
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Today in 1970, 53 years ago: The Dawson's Field hijackers release 88 of their hostages. The remaining hostages, mostly Jews and Israeli citizens, are held until September 25.
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Today in 2003, 20 years ago: the Cartagena Biosafety Protocol is launched.
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Today in 1847, 176 years ago: in a bar in Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania) the notes of Stephen Foster's song, Oh! Susanna, are played for the first time.
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Today in 1789, 234 years ago: Alexander Hamilton is appointed the first United States Secretary of the Treasury.
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Today in 1972, 51 years ago: the XX Olympiad closes in Munich.
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Today in 1914, 109 years ago: The Second Period of Russification: The teaching of the Russian language and Russian history in Finnish schools is ordered to be considerably increased as part of the forced Russification program in Finland run by Tsar Nicholas II.
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Today in 1943, 80 years ago: in Minsk and Lida, the Nazis begin the extermination of the Jewish ghetto.
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Today in 1911, 112 years ago: the Middle Tennessee Normal School (now Middle Tennessee State University) is founded in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.
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Today in 1903, 120 years ago: The first race at the Milwaukee Mile in West Allis, Wisconsin is held. It is the oldest major speedway in the world.
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Today in 1786, 237 years ago: The beginning of the Annapolis Convention.
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Today in 1803, 220 years ago: Battle of Delhi, during the Second Anglo-Maratha War, between British troops under General Lake, and Marathas of Scindia's army under General Louis Bourquin.
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Today in 1982, 41 years ago: the international forces that were guaranteeing the safety of the Palestinian refugees, leave Lebanon after the invasion by Israel. Five days later, several thousand refugees are massacred in the Sabra and Shatila massacre refugee camps by Maronite Christian Phalangists.
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Today in 1838, 185 years ago: in Álamos (Sonora, Mexico) the deputy Antonio Almada y Alvarado submits to the presidency of Anastasio Bustamante.
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Today in 1836, 187 years ago: The Riograndense Republic is proclaimed by rebels after defeating Empire of Brazil's troops in the Battle of Seival, during the Ragamuffin War.
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Today in 1926, 97 years ago: in Rome (Italy) in an attack on Benito Mussolini eight bystanders were injured.
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Today in 1921, 102 years ago: American actor Fatty Arbuckle is arrested for rape. He will later be acquitted of the charge.
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Today in 1541, 482 years ago: in Chile, the forces of the cacique Michimalonco attack and destroy the recently founded city of Santiago de la Nueva Extremadura, now known as Santiago de Chile.
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