Yeah, the only thing humans have created that may have come close enough to lifting enough debris high enough was the Tsar Bomba which is defunct, everything now is tiny by comparison.

Supervolcanos can do it easily.

The thing you can do with them that would really screw things up is EMP from a high altitude detonation or even worse a sufficiently spaced series of them.

Say goodbye to the modern world & most of its people.