Electrifying heavy-duty vehicles requires substantially more critical metals than other EVs and could account for 62% of critical metal demand in coming decades despite making up just 4–11% of vehicles.

The researchers recommend policies to support recycling, circular economies, alternative battery chemistries, and coordinated action to balance environmental and material needs

https://kr-asia.com/study-reveals-dilemma-of-balancing-mass-ev-production-with-battery-metal-mining

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