Doves are distinguishable from the common pigeon in several respects. They are smaller, more twitchy around people, and their wings make a distinct whistling sound while flying. But sometimes they remind you that there is not too much distinguishing them from their close cousins. In one article, I documented a dove taking advantage of its size to barrel through a grouo of sparrows to get to something it wanted to eat.

https://thenewleafjournal.com/on-doves-and-pigeons-in-brooklyn/