Satoshi came up with the first two iterations of the Bitcoin logo. It was actually a forum member Bitboy who introduced Orange in the third iteration of the Bitcoin logo, apparently inspired by the Mastercard logo. 
Discussion
Here’s a link to a deep dive on the Bitcoin logo:
I’ll add having been reading old forum posts I don’t recall reading anything about being inspired by the Mastercard logo. I find it more probable that orange is the closest color to gold that actually pops well in a digital context.