Study these. Use Brave browser (not Google or Safari).
2007–2011: Egypt, under President Mubarak, tightly restricted Rafah (only-direct access link to the outside world except through Israel).
2011–2013: After the Arab Spring and under President Morsi (Muslim Brotherhood), Egypt slightly eased access.
Post-2013: Following a military coup and the rise of President el-Sisi, Egypt cracked down again, citing Hamas ties to the Muslim Brotherhood (outlawed in Egypt).
Today:
Egypt still restricts movement through Rafah, though it occasionally opens the crossing for humanitarian reasons or under international pressure.
Egypt also destroyed smuggling tunnels under the border and created a buffer zone to curb weapons and goods flow.
https://apnews.com/article/917954d224c95b12f2550f5bde7f92af?
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/10/25/egypts-siege-on-gaza-rafah-opens-only-for-the-dead?
https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/egypt-close-rafah-crossing-with-gaza-monday-2021-08-22/?
https://www.fdd.org/analysis/2024/05/23/egyptian-blockade-of-aid-to-gaza-earns-rebuke-from-u-s/?
https://time.com/6324766/rafah-border-crossing-gaza-egypt-israel/
Just study the Rafah border crossing. It will tell you all you want to know.
