I asked a geoscientist "Can extracting geothermal cause problems?"

Their answer:

It is more durable than using oil and gas. But after removing warm water we refill with cold water which gradually cools the earth. The stones in the earth can reheat it but this takes time. So, you can only source heat from the same location up to 100 yrs, then need a new hole. This makes it less durable than solar/wind energy.

So; no worries, but it's not the ultimate solution either.