From what I understand:
Christians were persecuted (killed) in Rome for those 300 years. You can look up the catacombs and those old underground churches (very cool). One of the pillars of my faith is the martyrs who died for their beliefs.
Some churches rejected the Nicene Creed - but it wasn’t a majority (or a lot). I enjoy reciting the Nicene Creed and believe it to be true, but I know some may disagree.