how do you explain the adaptation of the teeth for the omnivorous diet?

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How do you explain the intermediary length of digestiv system ? That’s place between carnivores and herbivores and colon host a large diversity of bacteria

"While our earliest ancestors were more or less herbivores by nature, as indicated by their anatomy and physiology, Homo later evolved into an omnivorous species.

In herbivores the enzymatic digestion begins through saliva in the mouth. Carnivores, on the other hand, gulp down their food, which is digested only in the stomach.

In addition, fermentation chambers exist in the large intestine of both herbivores and omnivores, where the indigestible food components are broken down.

The intestine of a typical carnivore also differs from that of an herbivore with regard to its length. Carnivores have a very short intestine, herbivores have a very long one, while omnivores are somewhere in between.

The intestinal length in humans can be explained in terms of evolutionary history over the course of hominisation and is generally associated with an increase in meat consumption." - Nutrition and Health in Human, Evolution–Past to Present, PubMed

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9460423/

An omnivore is an organism that regularly consumes a variety of material, including plants, animals, algae, and fungi. Humans have been doing that throughout history.

This allows us to survive under diverse conditions in almost all geographical regions by consuming a wide range of organic substances provided by the animal and plant worlds.

plants have always been an emergency backup food. we ALWAYS prioritized meat.

Nutrition and Health in Human Evolution–Past to Present

"The diet of prehistoric humans was determined by the seasons, the availability of resources, climatic conditions, and the biotope they lived in. With a lifestyle dominated by gathering, the available food consisted primarily of plants (80%) such as leafy greens, sweet grasses, nuts, seeds, tubers, berries, roots, fruits, and pulses as well as animal proteins from wild animals and fish (20%)."

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9460423/

Rewriting History: Groundbreaking New Research Reveals That Early Human Diets Were Primarily Plant-Based

Recent research challenges the traditional view of early human diets in the Andes, suggesting a shift from “hunter-gatherers” to “gatherer-hunters.” The study, analyzing remains from the Wilamaya Patjxa and Soro Mik’aya Patjxa sites in Peru, reveals an 80 percent plant-based and 20 percent meat diet among early Andeans.

The commonly used term “hunter-gatherers” for describing early humans should be revised to “gatherer-hunters” in the context of the Andes in South America (...)."

"For these early humans of the Andes, spanning from 9,000 to 6,500 years ago, there is indeed evidence that hunting of large mammals provided some of their diets. But the new analysis of the isotopic composition of the human bones shows that plant foods made up the majority of individual diets, with meat playing a secondary role."

https://scitechdaily.com/rewriting-history-groundbreaking-new-research-reveals-that-early-human-diets-were-primarily-plant-based/

Isotopic evidence of high reliance on plant food among Later Stone Age hunter-gatherers at Taforalt, Morocco

"Our results unequivocally demonstrate a substantial plant-based component in the diets of these hunter-gatherers. This distinct dietary pattern challenges the prevailing notion of high reliance on animal proteins among pre-agricultural human groups."

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-024-02382-z

The Evolution of Stomach Acidity and Its Relevance to the Human Microbiome

"It is interesting to note that humans, uniquely among the primates so far considered, appear to have stomach pH values more akin to those of carrion feeders than to those of most carnivores and omnivores.

In the absence of good data on the pH of other hominoids, it is difficult to predict when such an acidic environment evolved. Baboons (Papio spp) have been argued to exhibit the most human–like of feeding and foraging strategies in terms of eclectic omnivory, but their stomachs–while considered generally acidic (pH = 3.7)–do not exhibit the extremely low pH seen in modern humans (pH = 1.5).

One explanation for such acidity may be that carrion [decaying flesh of dead animals] feeding was more important in humans (and more generally hominin) evolution than currently considered to be the case (...).

Alternatively, in light of the number of fecal-oral pathogens that infect and kill humans, selection may have favored high stomach acidity, independent of diet, because of its role in pathogen prevention."

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4519257/

Many herbivorous mammals have wide molars. These big teeth help them grind up leaves and grasses.

Carnivorous mammals, on the other hand, usually have long, sharp teeth that help them grab prey and rip it apart.

Omnivores have a mix of both types of teeth, with sharp teeth for cutting and grinding teeth for chewing.