So in between Abraham using commodity money (silver) and Judas being paid in silver coins... somewhere in the middle we could also find the answer to how money became standardised.

Genesis 23:16:

“Abraham weighed out for Ephron the silver according to the weight he had named in the hearing of the Hittites: four hundred shekels of silver, according to the weight of the merchants.”

Matthew 26:14-16

14 Then one of the Twelve—the one called Judas Iscariot—went to the chief priests 15 and asked, “What are you willing to give me if I deliver him over to you?” So they counted out for him thirty pieces of silver.