Hmm I personally don't have experience doing that, but it seems like you can. It just might only be a 2D object. But at least it is a start.

https://www.quora.com/Can-I-convert-a-2D-drawing-Adobe-Illustrator-vector-of-an-object-say-a-chair-and-turn-it-into-a-3D-object-If-so-what-program-would-allow-me-to-do-so