So recently I've heard about David Chaum's eCash. Which is weird because that was a thing in the 1990s. His company DigiCash went for a few years and then filed bankruptcy. Back then, the byzantine generals problem hadn't been worked out and we didn't have blockchain technology, so the double-spend problem was solved by the bank (yes, a bank) keeping a ledger. Also unlike bitcoin, it provided privacy, it was untraceable.
So I'm presuming the ideas are coming back in order to provide untraceability to bitcoin?