Everything on Nostr is an event, ranging from your profile/bio info, to user posts, to your contact/follow list, to zaps, likes, etc. Everything is an event and relays store those events when users publish them so other users can retrieve and view them.
Discussion
I get that part. This doesn’t explain how to use filters, etc. I’m running them, but I don’t see what they are doing.
Oh ok the filter.Nostr.wine relay is a bridge for users who use only paid relays or don’t want to have to connect to a large number of individual free relays, so you can still see content from relays your not connected directly to. They have another relay that aggregates everything unfiltered from multiple free relays, and then the filter relay filters it down to only the people you follow and their follows. It’s all to reduce the amount of spam you see and ensure you see all content from the people you follow.