This is mostly incorrect

* Chávez did not nationalize the oil industry, it was nationalized in 1976 as the state-owned company PdVSA

* Chávez did not hold a referendum on nationalizing the oil industry

* There were no sanctions related to Chávez (not) nationalizing the oil industry

* The only economic sanctions the Obama administration imposed were in 2011, denying U.S. government contracts to PdVSA due to PdVSA supplying Iran. That was 2 years before Chávez died. Sanctions by the Obama admin after his death were targeted against individuals (denial of visa's, freezing of assets) for human rights abuses

* The 2011 PdVSA sanction *did not* hold Venezuelans in poverty. U.S. imports of Venezuelan crude increased in 2012 and GDP hit the highest ever level

* Crude prices collapsed by ~ 60% from 2013 - 2015 and with it the Venezuelan economy, exacerbated by government overspending, debt, waste, destruction of industry, corruption and inflation. See https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/07/16/how-venezuela-struck-it-poor-oil-energy-chavez/ for a sad history of how Chávismo destroyed their people's mineral wealth

* Economic sanctions were imposed in 2017 by Trump and continued by Biden until 2023. These were boneheaded and immoral and *did do* substantial harm to the already pulverized economy and neither removed Maduro's illegitimate (see coup 2016 - 2017) government nor resulted in democratic reforms

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Sorry. I automatically consider American sources as FAKE NEWS.

try referencing something more reputable please.

Giving zero weight to the opinions of ppl who disagree with you is the path to bad life choices

Like for example, supporting wars and oppressive governments

No peace for the wicked!