Peer to Peer Networking
Each peer can build a network of peers and the technology used is a peer to peer network protocol. In HOP a library called hyperswarm is used, an XOR in Kademlia types using a DHT (distributed hash table). Bitcoin uses a gossip protocol, both have benefits, do you want to each all peers a quickly as possible (gossip) or target specific peers with no geographic concept of physical distance (xOR) to give a crude summary.
A warm peer to peer network is where two or more peers have explicitly connected together and identify themselves. Next HOP will have COLD peers, where the DML (decentralized machine learning) protocol is given autonomy to beebee to cohere machine learning. Each peer activating participation.