Property is a natural human right so, …the earliest form possible. All of this occurs and exists naturally the moment people begin to exist and interact. If two people just appeared in the woods together they’d trade things for their own beneifit and you have one key component of capitalism—a free market. You sound, like many, stuck in the common mindset that nothing can occur without government. That’s belief is one of the most beneficial to governments and authoritarians who want control over people. …While everything actually does function before government exists. Government is introduced as an efficiency tool but comes with the danger of monopolizing the whole system till it is anything but efficient and becomes the largest problem. Everyone agrees to hire a town sheriff to make it easier to protect their properties from violators but with every amount of power the people give him, he can misuse it for his own benefit. And if he acquires a majority of power he can do whatever he pleases, essentially eliminating freedom of all people entirely. So with government comes the heavy responsibility to keep it small, in check, and subordinate to people and their natural human rights.