the beauty of the LN protocol is that you actually can be the decentralization you want to see in the world, by running your own node
A paper from 2020 co-authored by Christian Decker shared that 10% nodes hold 80% liquidity:
LN: A second path towards centralization of the bitcoin economy - https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.02819.pdf
Liquidity in 2024: https://mempool.space/lightning/nodes/rankings/liquidity
Maybe someone could write another paper with present stats including use of custodial wallets
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