More info since my other reply isn't so helpful:

You might be able to mitigate this stuff somewhat with hardware kill switches like you'd get in a PinePhone, along with the far lower amount of bundled Google software in those phones.

The hardware kill switches are only a maybe. They might make a difference, or they might make none, since there are plenty of other ways to track you. Ultimately, a database with accurate record of every location you visit (and when) is a database with accurate record of every location you visit (and when), regardless of where it gets its data.

GrapheneOS makes no difference whatsoever to how much your phone is tracking you. It might make a difference to how the data is accessed by the deep state, but it doesn't do anything about the underlying problem of your phone using its on-board capabilities to provide these location reports.