Inflation, which was already prevalent in the later stages of republican era when Cicero was around, eventually killed Rome in the next few hundred years. Chipping away coins, minting by mixing with other metals was common when the state needed to raise money without raising taxes on its citizens.

Do you not agree that centrally planned credit expansion facilitates financing for endless wars much more effectively than hard money standard would allow? Let’s not concentrate on outliers that are statistically irrelevant but try to remain objective in the assessment we’re putting forth.