Good fiction:
Complex characters, deep world building, characters struggle, genuinely hateable villain, a good ending (hard)
Bad fiction:
Shallow world, tied to real products or times which make suspending disbelief hard, characters overcome challenges without difficulty, ham-fisted political bent, abrupt or anticlimactic ending.
The hard thing is you can have good writing undone by a bad ending or similar. For example His Dark Materials has great world building, but the blatantly anti-Christian themes end up coming across like a petty tantrum.
Yeah, you can tell when an author just has a lot of stuff on his mind unrelated to the subject of the book.
Though in Moby Dick, you can forgive the author for using a quarter of the text as a sperm whale encyclopedia cause he's just really into them.
