Well, PoW in Nostr (NIP-13) is per event.
Pubkey PoW also doesn't solve spam. Sure, It's easier for people to send posts from a phone, but if relays change the difficulty, there is no good way for people to migrate their content to a new key. Especially DMs, notifications, zaps etc that require each sender to resign all their past messages to your past key, but now tagging the new key.