Farming, construction, heavy industry and metalwork, anything preparing for defense or rescue, forestry, mountain climbing and cross-country skiing or running, etc. I'd argue team sports are also "more productive".

But the question is not "Could you design a weight machine to train this specific thing better than some particular real-life effort?" as you probably could. The question is more: is using that weight machine productive _at all_?

Maybe, if the exercises power a generator, or if they're part of a training program for park rangers, or something.

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None of the things you mention have the bone density benefits you get from weight lifting. Farmingand forestry involve lifting and moving stuff, sometimes. The point of weight lifting is that it's concentrated strenuous activity focus on a particular body part for short periods of time, if you don't think it's productive, you should look into the long term health benefits of weight lifting. Sure, some machines are just for vanity, but most free weight and barbell excersizes aren't. Weight lifting benefits a farmer and logger by making his farm chores easier and safer. Also, exercise programs are often designed to counter act the muscles that are over developed in their job, for example coders should be doing more back and legs workouts because the position of their job which is chest and shoulders.