I believe cbdc's are dead on arrival, or pre-birth actually. Drug dealers will not be able to pay in or accept bribes with total control, refutable money. They will not trust it. Graft, drugs, and the criminal element are not errors or bugs in the system, they are natural expressions of human social dynamics and organization. Prison guards need prisoners. A cbdc would be a suicide pill, just like any other command economy or planned city that takes itself too seriously and eventually fails. The economics behind and pushing it are bad. For example the state can demand payment of taxes in cat shit, taxes being a coersed fee for service, but then people will quickly abandon such a state if it also demands we eat it ourselves, or be payed in it. I think we in the non-npc space are entirely too concerned with CBDC's.