From an Indian perspective, there's quite a variety

Vegetables: 3-4 types of gourd , okra, brinjal, moringa, cabbage, cauliflower, carrot, turnip, radish, pumpkin, capsicum, 4-5 varieties of green leafy (like spinach/mint), 3-4 types of tubers 🥔🍠, beetroot, French beans, broad beans

Legumes: Peanuts, Chickpeas, hyacinth beans, kidney beans 🫘, butter beans, lima beans, black-eyed peas, green peas, Bengal gram, 5-6 different types of lentils

Grains: Rice, wheat, sometimes corn and also traditionally barley, buckwheat, millets (like kodo millet, finger millet & foxtail millet, little millets).

Vegetarian food can have good variety and balance but it's possible only if ingredients are available