Congress imposed the first personal income tax in 1861 to fund the Civil War effort. So it wasn’t really called something different. More like there were multiple income tax schemes that kind of started and stopped before the Pollack ruling really put a stop to it for a bit of time until the 16th amendment was ratified. Basically taxing incomes didn’t happen just in 1913 but was a political fight for 52+ years predating the passage of the 16th Amendment.