Gold isn't transperant. Governments can also try to deanonymize the transactions. As you mentioned 99% of transactions happen on centralized exchanges. Which means that 99% are KYC-ed. The other 1% can easily be traced
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Edit: 99% are on exchanges both centralised and decentralised. Still only 4% are on decentralised exchanges
Absolutely, Bitcoin is not anonymous. Despite 99% of trading activities on exchanges, with only 4% on decentralized ones, most transactions are identifiable through KYC procedures.