yes i think grep does this, at least, i think there is even a dedicated program for ripping readable texts out of binary files
Did you know that POSIX standard specifies offset display support for "strings" utility? https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799.2018edition/utilities/strings.html
Very useful for pure-shell-based patching of some text in binaries (in combination with dd, of course)
Discussion
Yes, there is, it's called strings, this is what the above URL is about.
pretty cool... i remember there was a tool on the Amiga years ago that did the same thing for images, and you could scan blocks of data on disk or in memory, change the width of image you are looking for and pixel format... was a really fun thing to play with... there was a lot less image formats and encodings back in those days, but would be interesting tools for reverse engineering, like strings is