Same etymology. Root word is tard. Latin for Slow

The word is used all over the place.

Tardigrade, tardus, [fire] retardant, tardy, etc

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Discussion

Definitely a shared etymology and used within other words, as with so many words in the English language that have developed from previous words, especially those derived from ancient German (Old English) and French/Latin (Modern English). To me, tardy is a distinct word from retard/retarded when it comes to modern day usage/definition/meaning - slow (in action) rather than referring to a mental or physical disability. That all said, I think “retard” is evolving a new nuanced meaning here on #nostr 🤣