Before they changed to Gregorian calendar. Original calendar had all moon phases before they changed it :( It was also in accordance with seasonal harvests.

Considering playing cards started as the Tarot and just got gradually stripped down (the only major arcana that remained is The Fool, aka Joker), not terribly surprising, given that the Tarot is often mapped out to the calendar as well, largely by way of astrology.

That's why they say you better play your cards, right.

Just because AI said?

This sounds like bullshit someone made up picking elements to validate this mix of concepts.

The deck doesn't have a certain origin and there have been various numbers of cards according to each culture and the manufacturing process. Even the suits have different meanings according which one.

"compressed code of universe" — what bullshit.