You are pointing to features of PKC, where a private key can be used by anyone who has it and produce valid signatures. This is not introduced by Nostr, PGP has always had an advisory of a trust relationship between the key and the entity supposed to be behind it. The solution is web of trust, where there are out-of-band ways to determine links between the key and the person behind it. On the other hand, I'm not sure if you understand how Nostr event signatures work. Of course, it is a verification that the content field of the event is by the author who signed the note; it cannot be changed or modified and still be valid for the signature. Each Nostr event is a portable, self-signed certificate; it is tamper-evident against any modifications. Also, this note can explain more things about HN security measures.