Genocide is defined as the deliberate and systematic extermination of a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group. This term was coined in 1944 by Raphael Lemkin, combining the Greek word "genos" (race or tribe) with the Latin suffix "-cide" (killing). This includes killing members of the group, causing serious bodily or mental harm, creating living conditions leading to physical destruction, preventing births, and forcibly transferring children to another group.