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Researchers at the RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, in collaboration with the University of Tokyo, have developed a groundbreaking biodegradable plastic that offers a dual benefit: it dissolves in seawater and enriches soil.
This innovation was led by Dr. Takuzo Aida and his team in Japan, and it represents a major step forward in addressing plastic pollution while also supporting agricultural sustainability.
The plastic is made using a novel combination of sodium hexametaphosphate, a food-safe additive, and guanidinium-based monomers.
These components create salt bridges that hold the plasticās structure together until exposed to seawater.
Once submerged, the material begins dissolving within hours, leaving behind no microplastic residue. In soil, it breaks down completely in about ten days and releases nutrients like phosphorus and nitrogen, which are key to promoting plant growth and boosting soil fertility.
What makes this material particularly promising is its non-toxic, non-flammable, and carbon-neutral decomposition process. Unlike conventional plastics, it contributes positively to the environment rather than causing harm.
In tests, up to 91% of the additive compounds and 82% of the monomers could be recovered and reused, aligning with the principles of a circular economy.
The plasticās versatility opens the door to a wide range of applications. In agriculture, it can be used for biodegradable mulch films and seed coatings.
In marine environments, it offers a sustainable alternative for fishing nets and ropes that would otherwise contribute to āghost gearā pollution.
It also holds promise for consumer products such as food containers, disposable cutlery, and eco-friendly packaging.
This innovation by Japanese scientists could significantly reduce global plastic waste and usher in a new era of biodegradable, recyclable, and nutrient-rich materials, with real potential to transform both environmental cleanup efforts and sustainable farming practices.
