If there's a way to know, what use is the public key rotation? Wouldn't the whole point be that people not know? Reputation is an abstract concept based on knowledge of who the person is (whatever that means in a given context).
Discussion
You can gain more privacy from outsiders while knowing between friends who you are. Same as not taking photos of people at conferences- you know who they are but outsiders don’t.
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It seems like you would need a third key or a different type that can't sign but is required to piece together all the npubs as being signed by a particular key.
This is above my pay grade at the moment though. But it's an interesting concept.
You would share that key privately somehow. Maybe like the in person QR that some messaging apps use.
Wouldn't looking at NIP-17 as inspiration be useful? You could establish the back channel in a similar way to that then update the npub via that back channel.
I'm not sure it's very valuable, but that's how I would begin thinking about it.