Construct tiered pools. Line with massive logs. Fill up with water, slide over.
Rough idea but seems doable.
Discussion
How about a water wheel driven crane?
Pulleys are old tech...
Maybe. They could have used water as a counterweight. Just so long as they had strong enough ropes. Presumably they didn’t have steel cables and I have no idea what rope materials they had at the time. 🤷♂️
Maybe, but any explanation will need to address construction of the system and how they addressed the foundation and water pressure. For example, a series of linked pools like a set of locks going up 600 feet would have been its own engineering challenge.
Would it have wrapped around the pyramid multiple times like a corkscrew? The more times it wrapped, the lower the water pressure on the lock gates, but the stronger the foundation and supports would need to be. What might have supported it? Maybe some sort of scaffolding system? Dunno. 🤷♂️