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MILITARES MELANCIAS. QUANDO COMEÇOU?!

O exército romano foi profissionalizado durante a República, sob o comando do general e cônsul Caio Mário, por volta de 107 a.C. Ele realizou uma série de reformas militares conhecidas como as Reformas de Mário, que tiveram grande impacto no exército e na sociedade romana.

Como Mário profissionalizou o exército?

1. Recrutamento de plebeus e proletários: Antes, apenas cidadãos proprietários de terras podiam servir no exército. Mário permitiu que os mais pobres, que não tinham terras (os “capite censi”), se alistassem. Isso criou um exército profissional composto por soldados que dependiam do serviço militar como fonte de renda.

2. Pagamento e recompensas: O Estado passou a pagar salários regulares aos soldados, além de oferecer terras ou riquezas como recompensa após o serviço. Isso tornou o exército uma carreira atraente.

3. Treinamento e disciplina: O exército tornou-se mais organizado e eficiente, com um treinamento rigoroso e equipamentos padronizados.

4. Lealdade aos generais: Como os soldados dependiam dos generais para receber recompensas e terras, começaram a desenvolver lealdade pessoal aos comandantes, em vez de ao Estado romano.

Por que isso contribuiu para a queda do Império Romano?

Embora as reformas de Mário tenham fortalecido o exército a curto prazo, suas consequências a longo prazo ajudaram a enfraquecer o sistema político e militar romano:

1. Lealdade ao general, não à República ou ao Império: Os exércitos passaram a ser leais aos generais (como Júlio César e outros), que usavam suas tropas para ganhos pessoais e políticos. Isso facilitou guerras civis e enfraqueceu a autoridade central.

2. Guerra Civil: A lealdade dividida levou a lutas internas pelo poder. Por exemplo, as guerras entre Mário e Sula, e posteriormente entre César e Pompeu, desestabilizaram a República e pavimentaram o caminho para o Império.

3. Pressão econômica: Manter um exército profissional foi caro. Durante o Império, os gastos com defesa cresceram a níveis insustentáveis, esgotando os recursos do Estado.

4. Uso de mercenários: Ao longo do tempo, o Império Romano começou a depender de mercenários estrangeiros, que não tinham lealdade ao Império. Isso enfraqueceu a coesão das forças armadas.

5. Invasões bárbaras: Com um exército enfraquecido e mal gerido, os romanos não conseguiram conter as invasões bárbaras, que culminaram na queda do Império Romano do Ocidente em 476 d.C.

Portanto, Caio Mário foi o responsável pela profissionalização do exército romano, o que inicialmente fortaleceu Roma, mas gerou problemas estruturais a longo prazo que contribuíram para a queda do Império.

#nostr

IMPOSTO É ROUBO!!!

*Impacto Total na Renda dos Brasileiros

Quando somamos todos os tipos de tributos, o brasileiro médio pode pagar muito mais do que a carga tributária oficial (33%-35% do PIB) sugere. Estudos e análises apontam que:

- Classes de Baixa Renda:

A maior parte da renda dessas classes é destinada ao consumo de bens essenciais, altamente tributados.

O impacto pode ultrapassar 50% da renda total, em alguns casos chegando a 60%-65%.

- Classe Média:

Além dos impostos sobre consumo, arcam com imposto de renda, INSS e tributos sobre propriedade.

O impacto pode variar entre 40% e 55% da renda total.

- Altas Rendas:

Apesar de pagarem mais imposto de renda em termos absolutos, deduções fiscais e estruturas patrimoniais permitem menor impacto proporcional.

O impacto total fica em torno de 35%-45% da renda.

Conclusão

Sim, o brasileiro paga uma proporção efetivamente muito maior de sua renda em impostos e tributos do que o número oficial da carga tributária (33%-35%) indica. Em termos reais:

- Baixa renda: Até 65% da renda pode ser destinada a tributos.

- Classe média: Entre 40%-55% da renda total.

- Altas rendas: Em torno de 35%-45% da renda.

Esse impacto elevado é um reflexo da regressividade e ineficiência do sistema tributário brasileiro, o que gera pressão sobre a renda disponível da população e limita o consumo e o crescimento econômico.

#bitcoin #nostr #brazil #btc

Replying to Avatar MattA

I don’t expect anyone to read this.

Just felt inclined to express.

Alzheimer’s is a bitch

My dad passed away six years ago this month, in his early 70s. He was the son of Lebanese immigrants and embodied that old-world work ethic: relentless, always working, and never taking time to relax. He owned a business and poured everything he had into family and work, leaving little room for hobbies or personal enjoyment.

I worked with him a lot throughout my childhood and even after graduating college. Eventually, I had to leave the family business, knowing it would destroy our already adversarial relationship if I stayed any longer.

When I was 14, Dad was diagnosed with terminal colon cancer. He went to the Mayo Clinic for surgery, endured a year of chemotherapy, and somehow survived. A couple of years later, he was diagnosed with thyroid cancer. Then, in the early 2000s, I started noticing his memory was slipping, and he was making strange decisions.

I kept telling my family, “Something’s not right with Dad,” but they refused to acknowledge it for nearly a decade.

Eventually, his dementia and Alzheimer’s became so severe that we had to close the family business and declare dad bankrupt. The entire process was an enormous pain in the ass. Shortly after, my mom sold the family house of 30 years, bought a small condo, and moved in to care for Dad.

Alzheimer’s and dementia are fked up diseases. In my dad’s case, he eventually forgot how to speak and was mostly silent for the last five years of his life. He’d just shuffle around with a big, confused smile on his face, completely lost but somehow cheerful. Toward the end, he couldn’t get out of bed or go to the bathroom on his own. It totally sucked.

Mom was overwhelmed with caregiving and we started discussing the possibility of assisted living for dad. Then, one Monday morning, she called to tell me Dad had developed a bad cough. By that afternoon, it had worsened, and paramedics took him to the ER.

A friend of mine, who happened to be the ER doctor treating him, said that Dad had pneumonia, likely caused by aspirating food into his lungs. His body had forgotten the exact mechanics of swallowing, and he inhaled some food. She was direct with me: “It’s not likely he’ll recover. You should start making arrangements.”

Dad passed away suddenly within 48 hours. That sucked, but honestly, it felt like a blessing. Watching someone who had worked so hard his entire life, only to be robbed of retirement and meaningful time with his family. The caregiving had become overwhelming, and the financial strain of potential family bankruptcy was looming over us. It was a shit situation all around, and his passing, though devastating, brought an end to his suffering and the chaos.

What’s bizarre is that just two days before my mom called about Dad’s cough, I had a celestial experience.

I couldn’t sleep and spent a few hours in bed typing out Dad’s eulogy on my phone. I can’t explain it, but somehow, I had the intuition that the end was near.

My biggest regret is that dad and never talked openly about our relationship as father and son.

I never thanked him for working so hard for the family & teaching me critical life lessons. We didn’t have the kind of relationship where we said “I love you” or “I’m proud of you.”

I’ve made a conscious effort to change that with my boys. Emotional candor, something I wish I’d had with my dad, and something I’ll never take for granted again.

God bless you all. Everything in God's time. Thanks for sharing your story.

Replying to Avatar 2Pac

I was inspired by nostr:npub1rtlqca8r6auyaw5n5h3l5422dm4sry5dzfee4696fqe8s6qgudks7djtfs

Here’s my story

In my mid twenties I was living with my girlfriend and working as an engineer. We got engaged and shit got really rocky between us and we ended up breaking things off. And I spiralled, I quit my job on a dare to do my side hustle full time but financially it was a bad move it wasn’t making enough money and I had a mortgage and bills. I thought I could make it work.

I ended up moving into the city and renting my apartment out below what my mortgage was and began working PT as a valet while still trying to make my business work. But I was going broke. I had a lot of fun and enjoyed the city but things financially were not working out.

Finally the real estate market rebounded and I sold my apartment for a small profit and decided to go traveling to SE Asia and Australia and learn to surf. It was amazing and I met a new girlfriend who had invested in her friends bitcoin company. I asked her a million questions about it and bitcoin, she knew nothing she just trusted her friend. I bought some on coinbase and it started going up. I was hooked. I had no idea about bitcoin tho I just knew most investments didn’t appreciate so quickly.

I bought more bitcoin than shitcoins, again I had no clue what I had stumbled on but my gut said I was on to something. I bought more on my credit card at 20% interest. I thought I was going to be a trader I was making money. I went to a coffee shop and traded almost every day.

Eventually my trip came to an end and I was making money and thought I was a genius. Then the market crashed 80% and more on the shitcoins. I became depressed, and anxious I was in a bad financial situation I had debt from my business and blown the profit on my apartment from traveling (worth it haha).

But I didn’t sell it all I just consolidated most in to bitcoin and just Hodl not buying any I was broke. I met my now wife we started dating she was very smart and successful, we have a passionate love affair and I got her pregnant. We had our first kid together I went back to my old engineering job and the everything crashed again and my net worth went negative in 2020 I had some investments and my bitcoin but they went lower than my debt. I cried. I had a family now and was broke. But I had an income and we made it work.

Then bitcoin rallied and I started buying again and finally started to really learn about bitcoin. I sold my shitcoins went all in on bitcoin and saw my net worth skyrocket (for me). And things were good.

Price crashed again but this time I understood what Bitcoin was and I was still in much better shape then in march 2020.

This time is stacked hard. I took it serious, I knew what I was buying. I understood what Bitcoin was. This time was different. I was positioning myself for the future. For the next cycle and the ones after that, low time preference, lower price means more sats.

Bitcoin hits $100K and life is good not perfect but good. All the ups and downs in bitcoin are a good analogy for life. The principal of rhythm, tide goes in tide goes out, ying and Yang.

Put everything in God's hands and time.

#bitcoin #brazil #memestr #memes #nostr

Replying to Avatar Anarko

🌊 SURF 'N TURF 🏝️

-THE ISLAND LIFE-

The Alchemist (Portuguese: O Alquimista) is a novel by Brazilian author Paulo Coelho which was first published in 1988. Originally written in Portuguese, it became a widely translated international bestseller. The story follows the shepherd boy Santiago in his journey across North Africa to the Egyptian pyramids after he dreams of finding treasure there.

An Andalusian shepherd boy named Santiago dreams of a treasure while in a ruined church. He consults a Gypsy fortune-teller about the meaning of the recurring dream. The woman interprets it as a prophecy, telling the boy that he will discover a treasure at the Egyptian pyramids.

After Santiago sets out, he meets Melchizedek, the king of Salem, who tells him to sell his sheep so as to travel to Egypt and accomplish his "Personal Legend". Early on his arrival in Africa, a man who claims to be able to take Santiago to the pyramids instead robs him of the money he had made from his flock. Santiago then has to work for a crystal merchant to earn enough to continue his journey.

Along the way, the boy meets an Englishman who has come in search of an alchemist who can turn any metal to gold, and continues his travels with his new companion. When they reach an oasis, Santiago meets and falls in love with an Arabian girl named Fatima, to whom he proposes marriage. She promises to marry him only after he completes his journey. Frustrated at first, he later learns that true love will not stop nor must one sacrifice one's destiny to it, since to do so robs it of truth.

The boy then encounters the wise alchemist, who teaches him to realize his true self. Together, they risk a journey through the territory of warring tribes, where Santiago is forced to demonstrate his oneness with the "Soul of the World" by turning himself into a dust storm before he is allowed to proceed.

When he reaches the pyramids and begins digging, he is robbed by thieves, who ask him what he is digging for; he replies that a dream has led him to buried treasure. The thieves scoff, and the leader remarks about a dream he once had about treasure under a tree at a ruined church. Santiago realizes the treasure he sought was where he had his original dream all along.

Credits Goes to the respective

Author ✍️/ Photographer📸

🐇 🕳️

#Bitcoin #Satoshis #Freedom #Apocalypse #Music #Movies #Philosophy #Literature

#dogstr

Garbage author

Impostômetro no Brasil até o dia de hoje em 2024.

3 TRILHÕES e 317 BILHÕES e 827 MILHÕES…

Qualidade da “árvore” de Natal oferecida: lixo. (vide fotos)

Aqui você sempre terá somente a primeira parte da PICAnha.

#memestr #memes #brazil #nostr #bitcoin

Si vis pacem, para bellum

#nostr #bitcoin #btc

#memes #memestr #bitcoin #nostr #brazil

Demônios petistas quebrando o Brasil…

#brazil #nostr #ptDemoniaco #btc

Determinar a porcentagem exata da população brasileira que não trabalha e recebe apenas ajuda financeira do governo é uma tarefa complexa, devido à diversidade dos programas sociais e à dinâmica do mercado de trabalho. No entanto, podemos estimar um valor aproximado com base nos dados disponíveis até 2021.

População Total do Brasil

População estimada em 2021: Aproximadamente 214 milhões de pessoas.

População Economicamente Ativa (PEA): Cerca de 105 milhões de pessoas estão empregadas ou buscando emprego.

População Economicamente Inativa: Aproximadamente 61 milhões de pessoas com 14 anos ou mais não fazem parte da força de trabalho.

Aproximadamente 29% da população brasileira recebe benefícios do Bolsa Família.

Estimativa Conservadora: Se considerarmos que cerca de 50% dos beneficiários adultos não estão trabalhando (incluindo desempregados e inativos).

#nostr #olavoForever #brazil

O mestre.

#nostr #free #freeBrazil #brazil #btc

#jesus #nostr #btc

#free #nostr #jesus #bitcoin