Google and, suddenly, Yandex are deanonymizing Android users
Imagine that your Android phone has a special "secret number" (advertising ID), it helps applications show you personalized ads, but at the same time it should hide who you are, except for a set of advertising offers
So, in some cunning way, Google and Yandex have learned to recognize specific people based on the data collected for advertising.
What is recommended to do:
Find the "advertising ID" in your phone settings and reset it sometimes, like a password.
Disable "ad personalization" in settings.
Check what permissions you give apps (such as access to your data).
Use VPN
Or switch to what you call "stubs"