🌊 SURF 'N TURF 🏝️

-THE BORACAY ISLAND LIFE-

How are concrete columns like these built in the middle of the sea.

Building concrete columns in the sea involves precise engineering steps, including:

1. *Surveying and Planning*: The column location is accurately determined using marine surveying equipment.

2. *Underwater Foundation Construction*:

- *Steel piles* are driven deep into the seabed using special machinery.

- Sometimes *caissons* (large concrete boxes) are submerged and filled with concrete to form a base.

3. *Isolating the Work Area*:

- *Sheet piles* or *cofferdams* are installed to keep water out and create a dry work zone.

4. *Underwater Concrete Pouring*:

- Methods like the *tremie method* are used to pour concrete underwater without washout or segregation.

5. *Column Construction*:

- Once the base is ready, the reinforcement is placed and the column is cast using water-resistant formwork.

This technique is used in marine bridges, piers, ports, and offshore platforms.

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