The other thing is that in merchantilsm (Adam Smith's time) places like England, still to this day, don't produce anything. It's a small island. Neither does the Netherlands or France or Portugalbor Belgium, or Spain.
So the only way to compete, and grow the economy, was to literally steal it from elsewhere. Hence colonial endeavours to places that are producers (South America, Africa, China, India, Indonesia) and bring that wealth to your economy.
The problem is fixed supply.
You need more vessels to compete to steal more and that costs more gold than you currently have so you go to South America to get more, but then there's a war and you need to use that same gold to pay soldiers. You can't do both. You collapse.
Rome, Greece, Colonial Europe. It's why it all collapses, because a fixed supply of anything requires you to shift that around, which is costly and cumbersome and the only way to increase what you can do is by increasing the supply of that thing, in this case Gold.
So if you want to build ships to explore and wage war of France, you got to go steal more Indian gold or Botswana diamonds