Some resources to help grow your understanding
Block Template Similarities between Mining Pools
https://b10c.me/observations/12-template-similarity/
mononaut thread on mining pool reward consolidation
https://x.com/mononautical/status/1777686545715089605
A Proof of Liabilities Scheme for Ecash Mints
https://gist.github.com/callebtc/ed5228d1d8cbaade0104db5d1cf63939
This site has the best PPLNS visualization that I have found
https://mintpond.com/b/prop-vs-pplns-vs-pps-mining-pool-reward-systems
Stratum v2 Auditor Role