If we covered all the Earth's deserts with high-efficiency solar panels, the peak power generation would be around 9,000 terawatts (TW). That’s enough to power 180 warp engines like those seen on Star Trek’s USS Enterprise, each requiring 50 TW of power to operate.
Discussion
How much electricity does it take to make all that?
It would take ovet a trillion barrels of oil, and every man, woman and child working 12 hour days for 980 years to produce that many solar panels
Rare earth elements like indium, tellurium, and gallium are the most likely resources to be depleted first during large-scale solar panel production. These materials are critical for certain types of solar panels, and their limited supply could constrain production long before other resources like silicon, copper, or energy sources are exhausted.