# The Liquid-Plasma Sun: Rethinking Our Star
#electricuniverse #lenr #coldfusion #fusion #physics
When we look up at the sky, the Sun seems timeless—an immense ball of fire, burning steadily for billions of years. Modern astrophysics teaches that the Sun is a sphere of hydrogen and helium, fusing at its core and radiating energy outward through layers of plasma. But some researchers, both independent and experimental, have begun to wonder: **what if the Sun is not just a gas ball, but something more like a liquid-plasma object, with structure, layers, and even surprising chemistry?**
This alternative model, sometimes called the **Liquid-Plasma Sun hypothesis**, paints a picture of our star not as a diffuse gas but as a condensed, highly organized body. Its surface and atmosphere—photosphere, chromosphere, and corona—behave like plasma layers, while beneath lies a molten, liquid-like core made of ordinary elements: iron, nickel, silicon, and more. In this view, the Sun is not an isolated nuclear furnace but part of a larger network of cosmic energy.
---
## Plasma, Electricity, and the Sun
The idea that electricity and plasma play a larger role in the cosmos is not new. In the early 20th century, Norwegian scientist **Kristian Birkeland** showed that charged particles from the Sun interact with Earth’s magnetic field to create the auroras. He proposed that cosmic-scale electric currents, later called **Birkeland currents**, connect the Sun and planets.
Today, this notion lives on in the **Electric Universe** community, which argues that electromagnetic forces shape stars and galaxies just as much as gravity does. From this perspective, the Sun’s outer layers—its plasma corona and the mysterious solar wind—are not just byproducts of fusion, but active regions of electrical interaction with space itself.
---
## The SAFIRE Project
One of the most intriguing experiments testing these ideas is the **SAFIRE Project** (Stellar Atmospheric Function in Regulation Experiment). Originally designed to test claims from the Electric Universe community, SAFIRE created a laboratory-scale plasma chamber meant to mimic the Sun’s atmosphere.
What the team found surprised even them. Inside their plasma environment, they observed self-organizing layers, double layers of charge, and stable plasma structures resembling miniature suns. Even more remarkable, chemical analyses showed evidence of **nuclear transmutations**—new elements appearing in the chamber that were not present before.
These results echo findings from the controversial field of **cold fusion** (or **low-energy nuclear reactions, LENR**), where scientists have reported anomalous heat production and unexpected formation of new isotopes inside hydrogen-loaded metals. If such processes can occur on a tabletop in a plasma chamber, could similar reactions be happening inside the Sun?
---
## Cold Fusion and Transmutations in the Sun
Mainstream solar theory says the Sun’s energy comes from hydrogen fusing into helium at its core, at temperatures of millions of degrees. But some alternative researchers suggest the Sun might generate energy in more complex ways, including **cold fusion-like processes** near its surface.
In cold fusion experiments, elements like palladium or nickel absorb hydrogen, and under certain conditions, produce excess heat and even heavier elements—**transmutation**. If this kind of reaction happens at small scale on Earth, perhaps the Sun, with its vast plasma fields and conductive layers, hosts similar nuclear alchemy.
Such reactions could explain why the Sun’s surface contains heavier elements like iron, silicon, magnesium, and calcium—materials that shouldn’t dominate if the star were simply a uniform hydrogen furnace. Instead, the Sun may be a **dynamic alchemical engine**, constantly creating and recycling matter through plasma-driven nuclear processes.
---
## The Corona Mystery
One of the greatest puzzles in solar physics is why the Sun’s **corona**—its outer atmosphere—is millions of degrees hotter than its surface below. Traditional fusion models struggle to explain this inversion. But in the liquid-plasma model, the corona’s heat could be the result of plasma double layers, electric currents, or ongoing low-energy nuclear reactions.
The SAFIRE Project reported conditions where plasma layers spontaneously heated far above the surrounding medium, producing temperature inversions similar to those observed in the Sun. This suggests the corona’s bizarre heat might not be a mystery at all, but a natural feature of plasma physics at large scales.
---
## A Sun with Structure
If the Sun is a liquid-plasma body, it would have a more complex interior than the standard model suggests. Instead of a purely gaseous hydrogen core, there may be:
- A **dense inner nucleus** of iron, nickel, and silicon.
- A **molten, conductive layer** behaving like a planetary core, but at solar scale.
- An insulating **photosphere** that prevents sublimation of the molten surface.
- Plasma-rich layers above, where electricity, magnetism, and fusion-like processes occur.
This view makes the Sun less alien and more planetary—closer in composition to Earth than we might expect, just vastly hotter and more active.
---
## Why It Matters
The liquid-plasma Sun is not part of mainstream astrophysics, but it draws together several threads of experimental and observational science:
- **Plasma physics** and Birkeland’s cosmic currents.
- **The Electric Universe**, which emphasizes electricity as a cosmic force.
- **The SAFIRE Project**, showing plasma layers and transmutation in the lab.
- **Cold fusion and LENR**, with their evidence of low-temperature nuclear reactions.
If any of these ideas prove correct, they could revolutionize our understanding of stars, energy, and even matter itself. Imagine if the Sun were not a simple fusion reactor, but a vast plasma laboratory conducting natural nuclear experiments on a scale beyond comprehension.
---
## Looking Ahead
Skeptics rightly point out that these models are speculative, and extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence. Yet the allure of the liquid-plasma Sun lies in its ability to tie together puzzles that standard models leave unresolved: the corona’s heat, the Sun’s elemental mix, and the behavior of plasma in space.
As new telescopes, space probes, and laboratory plasma experiments emerge, we may gain a clearer picture. Perhaps the truth will lie somewhere between the orthodox model and these radical ideas. Or perhaps, just as Birkeland was once dismissed only to be vindicated later, the Sun will surprise us again with a story stranger than we ever imagined.
Until then, the liquid-plasma Sun remains both a hypothesis and an invitation: to look at the star we take for granted with fresh eyes, and to remember that even the brightest object in our sky may still hold deep mysteries.
## Notes (no affiliation)
Dr. Oliver Manuel
https://web.archive.org/web/20210908142844/http://omatumr.com/
Dr. Pierre Marie Robitaille
https://vixra.org/pdf/1310.0119v1.pdf
https://www.youtube.com/@SkyScholar
Michael Mozina
https://thesurfaceofthesun.com/
The SAFIRE Project
Thunderbolts Project