The Penrose triangle, also known as the Penrose tribar, is an impossible object that was first created by the Swedish artist Oscar Reutersvärd in 1934. The mathematician Roger Penrose independently devised and popularised it in the 1950s, describing it as “impossibility in its purest form”.
It is called an “impossible object” because it is a shape that could not possibly exist in reality. It appears to be a solid, three-dimensional triangle made up of three straight bars, but the way these bars are connected creates a visual paradox. They form a loop that looks like it’s three corners of a square, and yet, at the same time, appears as a complete triangle. This conflicts with the brain’s spatial understanding, leading to the perception of an impossibility.
The Penrose triangle and similar illusions play a central role in the art of M.C. Escher, where impossible objects are used to create fascinating, mind-bending scenes.
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