(I know you probably know this, but since it was fun to think through I'll still post it)

Let's say the country has 1 million of their money in total. The government is unable to support their utopia (often socialist for some reason), so they just add 1.7 million of newly "printed" money into the circulation, but since no other country wants to be tricked, the exchange rate with other currencies drops immediately and everything quickly becomes ~170% more expensive.

But this is just a first layer of approximation. To get deeper, I tried digging into how is money actually added to economy and, oh boy, what a journey that is. The whole system is not anchored to anything, there's no point to start from. There's no "we have this valuable thing and form it we derive the value of money". We are just winging it.

So anytime I thought I knew I just found out it's way worse than I thought ("Money is based on gold", then "Fed prints", then "banks re-hypothecate", then "banks lend money into existence", then "eurodollar system", then randos are just winging it and making a goldmine out of people not knowing...).

I bet #[2] and #[3] can wrap their heads around it, but it just doesn't make sense to me.