However, even in a Bitcoin-centric economy, large holders could still exert influence, although the how changes:
* Control of Essential Goods/Services: If a large holder controls a significant portion of the supply chain for essential goods (food, energy, etc.), they could effectively dictate the terms of trade. They might demand a higher "price" in Bitcoin for their goods, not in fiat terms, but in relative terms. They could effectively create a tiered system where those with less Bitcoin have limited access to essential resources.
* Influence over Development: Even without fiat, large holders could still influence the development of the Bitcoin network. They might fund development teams that implement features favorable to them, or they might try to block proposals that threaten their holdings. This could impact transaction fees, privacy features, or even the fundamental rules of the protocol.
* Early Adoption Advantage: Those who hoarded Bitcoin early on would still have a significant advantage. They could use their larger holdings to acquire valuable assets in the Bitcoin economy, giving them a head start in building businesses or acquiring resources. This could lead to a concentration of wealth and power, even within a purely Bitcoin-based system.
* Collusion and Cartels: Large holders could collude to manipulate the market for specific goods or services. They might agree to only accept a certain amount of Bitcoin for their products, artificially inflating the "price" of those products in Bitcoin terms.
* Reputation and Trust: In a decentralized system, reputation and trust are crucial. Large holders might use their influence to build a reputation that allows them to command higher prices or better terms in Bitcoin transactions.
So, while the mechanisms of manipulation change in a purely Bitcoin economy, the potential for manipulation still exists. Large holders could still exert influence, not by manipulating fiat prices, but by controlling essential resources, influencing development, or leveraging their early adoption advantage. The challenge remains the same: how to create a system that is truly decentralized and resistant to the concentration of power, even in a world without fiat currencies.