A tip to help "train" deer to avoid your fence: fold a small sheet of aluminum foil over the hot wire to make a sort of flag hanging down from the wire. Apply peanut butter to the foil flag. Find someplace hidden to watch the action.

When a deer's shiny wet nose meets 5000 volts, the deer in question is very motivated to travel very far away from the source of the voltage, with much haste. This is also a lesson that they appear to remember quite well, and the ones who have been shocked tend to stay away.