Yes, English is a bit odd that way.

For nouns, generally there are maybe 1-2 words that means the same.

Like Odara-san said, for adjectives, there are so many words (15-20) for the commonly used ones like big, small, slow, fast, etc. that express many degrees of the same thing.

For example,

big << enormous << gigantic

happy << elated << ecstatic

But I feel Japanese has more of same words meaning different(unrelated) things like hana - in English, mostly even if same word means different things it's related.

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The Japanese language is a fusion of words from before the arrival of Chinese characters and words from China.

The number of adjectives in the language before the transmission of Chinese characters is quite small, but when words from China are included, the number of adjectives is quite large.

example:

大きい (big)

巨大、特大、闊大、厖大、絶大、著大、至大、極大、壮大、雄大...

嬉しい (happy)

喜悦、悦喜、歓悦、愉悦、欣悦、欣快、欣懐、怡悦、感悦、欣然...

But some of these words are difficult for modern Japanese, and I needed a thesaurus to list them.

Japanese hana is a bit odd.

One theory is that they used to call the most prominent part of the face and the most prominent part of the plant by the same word.

However, many of the homonyms in Japanese can be explained as resulting from a confluence with Chinese.

With fewer vowels than in Chinese, it happened that the same sound was assigned to Chinese characters with different meanings.

I am interested in how English came to have so many adjectives.

And sometimes I look at the English thesaurus and am overwhelmed by the amount of them lol.

Don't know much about English history 😅. I will check if there are any good sources talking about this point & share if I find any

I want to be like ladies in the Heian period and use only kana & ignore kanji 😅😬

Haha, you knows well about japan.

Kanji is also difficult for native Japanese but it’s interesting.