The laser eyes thing is related to Bitcoin I believe. It's supposed to indicate someone who supports Bitcoin or is "laser" focused on Bitcoin adoption/development.

As for long form notes, my understanding is that they are a way to format your notes, as a standard Nostr note does not support formatting (things like italics, bold, font sizes, etc.) They only work on clients that support NIP-23. If you view the note in a client that doesn't support it, the content is the same, it just won't have any formatting.