If a computer was powerful enough to brute-force open a Bitcoin wallet with 12 seed words in just 1 second (trying 2,048¹² combinations)...

Then that same computer would take over 5 trillion trillion trillion years to brute-force 24 seed words (trying 2,048²⁴ combinations).

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Yet they are both practically impossible to brute

Yes, but for how long?

The note was posted for illustrating the exponential increase of security from 12 to 24 seed words.

The beauty of the Bitcoin difficulty adjustment is that it increased as hashpower increases... currently about 350 Exahashes per second.

How long before a supercluster of ASICs is powerful enough to brute-force open a wallet with just 12 seed words?

10 years? 50 years? 100+ years? Who knows?

I dont think asics can do that. They only hash sha256 nothing else. You need other architecture

I thought application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) could be built and programmed to run any specific tasks . ie. Solving a Rubik's Cube, or trying every combination of a safe (or digital wallet).

Its impossible to brute force seed. Not in this universe.